uplb sociology curriculum. UP Diliman University Freshie Council. uplb sociology curriculum

 
 UP Diliman University Freshie Counciluplb sociology curriculum

Education. The MS Rural Sociology Program aims to prepare graduate students to take leading. In the past ten years, MBB students have conducted their theses in areas/disciplines such as biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, plant breeding, plant biology, and plant pathology. Bianca Roque for Kas Dept Rep. ph. UPD DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY LATEST NEWS AND UPDATES. The College of Science was established on September 10, 2004 through Board Resolution No. One Sports. studied Sociology, graduated 2010 "University of the Philippines is the best University in the Philippines. In the same year, the UPLB Sociological Society, a sociology academic organization was founded. 37. UPLB is offering the BS Mechanical Engineering (BSME) for the first time this first semester of Academic Year 2021-2022. Log In. The family as a social institution, patterns by region, race, and social classes; problems and issues in contemporary family life. Philippine League of Sociology Students - UPLB. 3. . na-reconsider naman po ako sa uplb (bs bio) though hindi ko po. Announcement: The Department of Social Sciences is looking for BA Sociology graduates of UP Los Baños preferbaly with graduate units/degree and whose GWA are higher than 2. Angela Faye Rufino. each semester. An applicant with a bachelor’s degree in the biological sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, engineering, economics and other social sciences may be admitted to the MS Environmental Science program. . UPLB CAS - Office of the College Secretary. These courses aim to equip students with the knowledge, skills, and values to address complex environmental issues and contribute to sustainable development. UPLB wins in culture and arts contests at 7th STRASUC meet. . University of the Philippines in Los Banos (UPLB) is very conducive to learning. ph. Hence, insights from UPLB’s Sociology program may still be useful for other HEIs currently offering, or planning to offer, a similar program. Critical Perspectives in the Arts 3 AERS 160. • BA Communication Arts. 6,247 likes · 428 talking about this · 12 were here. SOCIAL SCIENCE ELECTIVES. Floro C. Important Dates 1st Sem 2023-2024. Log In. • BA Philosophy. The institution of the BSME was approved during the 1355th meeting of the UP Board of Regents (BOR) on Oct. when the required subject is not offered during the semester when the student needs it. . This synergy of disciplines enables students to learn the various aspects of the human person, such as their personality and behavior, in the context of work groups and organizations. Create new account. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceHere is the updated list of the classes with incentives for The Aftertaste: a film screening event featuring Pitong Kabang Palay by Maricel Cariaga. About CAS-OCS. 1. edu . Send your. It is supported by its Alumni Association which was founded. The program is envisioned to be an effective preparatory curriculum for law, graduate studies in philosophy, and other related graduate programs. Related Pages. . Sociology of the Family (3). Bachelor of Science in Biology. UPLB Sociology Society. Milkbbread • 2 hr. More. More Info. The College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS) is the premier institution of higher learning in agriculture and food science in the country. UPLB’s Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (MBB) Program is an interdisciplinary program, encompassing many disciplines and involves all colleges of UPLB. minor in Sociology and Political Science) 1986-1990. This is an institutionalized bloodletting activity held last November 6, 2014 at CHE Lobby, UPLB. Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology is a four-year program consisting of general education and professional courses. Attention to all BA Sociology alumni of the UPLB Department of Social Sciences be part of the DSS Tracer Study by submitting your curriculum vitae/resume to stjulianda. For CAS-OCS FORMS, click here. • BS Chemistry. . Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas/ Philippine History MATH 27. College & university. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceUPLB Sociology Society. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. . UPLB BA Sociology - Curriculum Curriculum 2018 BA SOC Curriculum Taken by students admitted to the BA Sociology program from 2018 Total number of. SAS 1. 30. Sociology majors must take the 18 hours of the required Sociology courses plus an additional eighteen (18) credit hours for a concentration in one of theThe School of Environmental Science and Management (SESAM) offers various courses in environmental science, management, and policy at the undergraduate and graduate levels. It has offered the MS MBB degree since 1990 and the PhD degree since 2002. edu. Institute for Governance and Rural Development (IGRD) Home CPAf Units Office of the Dean Knowledge Management Office (KMO) Institute for Governance and Rural Development (IGRD) Center for Strategic Planning and Policy Studies (CSPPS). COI. For more than 45 years of meaningful and significant existence in the university,. First Semester Units Second Semester Units. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceLOOK: The program for the 1st Dwight David A. It has offered the MS MBB degree since 1990 and the PhD degree since 2002. UPLB Graduate School Guidelines on the 2nd Semester AY 2019-2020Current and former students of the Department's Sociology programs participated in the 9th CAS Student-Faculty Research Conference! Pictured are Ms. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. College & university. " Kaya't patuloy ang kritikal, dinamiko, at holistik na pagtingin ng organisasyon sa mga isyu ng kasalukuyan upang pagyamanin ang kasarinlan at mga karapatang ipinaglaban ng ating pambansang bayani. . Download academic-related guidelines and forms here using your UP email. (Joseph G. . The expectation is that many sociology teachers and their classes will move well beyond the foundation defined by the Standards National for High School Sociology. Samonte Hall. uplb@up. UPLB Sociology Society Congratulates the UPLB Graduating Class of 2014 Iskolar ng Bayan, Paglingkuran ang SambayananJoin the academic organization that is critical, dynamic, and holistic in the study and practice of Sociology. upbaguio@up. As assistant professor, he teaches political sociology and sociology of religion at the Department of Social Sciences (DSS)-CAS. TRANSFER OF CREDIT2 a. UPLB Sociology Society participated the BLOODLINE: A PLEDGE OF LIFE 2014 of Red Cross Youth of UPLB. College of Development Communication. (Mark Jayson E. "Ibayong tatag laban sa panunupil at pandarahas, ibayong lakas. txt) or read online for free. The MS Rural Sociology Program aims to prepare graduate students to take leading roles in dealing with problems and opportunities in rural communities as they relate to the society as a whole. Bachelor of Science in Chemistry. The major courses are composed of core courses (CED 227, CED 301, CED 365, AERS 281, AERS 282*. The findings also indicate that there is dissatisfaction among the primary stakeholders on the prescribed timetable of the BA Sociology curriculum as well as the existence of the program's three. 30 October to 04 November: Reading and Wellness Break. The program is offered in both residential and distance education modes. ISSN-0117 1461. 180 student-participants competed across competition. The program aims to produce graduates that can work in the. Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas/ Philippine History MATH 27. . This is one of the many reasons why we salute. Understanding the self by examining the interaction of biological, psychological and socio-cultural dimensions and appreciating human agency and the emergence of the self in different social contexts. However, a Sociology major with a GWA lower than 2. Students are not allowed to take any course which is not in their curriculum, or to arbitrarily take a subject. different UPLB units are tapped as seconded staff to implement collaborave projects of the Instute. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. The Master of Science in Computer Science (MSCS) degree program addresses the need for advanced formal training of professional leaders in Computer Science. im here again but im asking on what is the transferring process at UPLB? im planning on applying for ba comm arts or ba sociology. Education. edu. They should consult with their adviser, College Secretary or the University Registrar in planning their course work. It consists of general education courses in the freshmen and sophomore years and coursework in Sociology and related courses in the junior and senior years. (2) DEVC 208. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. . Doctor of Philosophy. Academics Master in Public Affairs Agrarian and Rurban Development Studies Education Management Strategic Planning and Public Policy. 2015-2016 President, A. Sociology of Education 1 Description: Analysis of education as a factor in social change; the sociological significance of schools and other social institutions in rural development; social factors in the learning process. is a requisite for admission to the Four-Year Professional Veterinary Medicine Curriculum. Charm Maranan. Head of PhiLAWnthropy 2. Her core skills include design and implementation of development studies research and extension activities, as well as conduct of mixed methods impact evaluation. FOR 1 (General Forestry) 3 CHEM 15. Office of the Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs (OVCSA) Room 2 536-2238 [email protected] Research, Communication and Information Technology (RECOMMIT) Room 7 536-2238 [email protected]The UPLB Sociology Society commends the academic achievers of the First Semester, A. University of the Philippines Los Baños. Payment Options. UPLB BA Sociology - I think I can excel in this field although di ko talaga alam if maraming job opps after college dito. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceUPLB Sociology Society. UPLB UNITY STATEMENT ON THE CALL TO OUST RODRIGO DUTERTE We, the student representatives of the University of the Philippines Los Banos, hereby stand in solidarity to call for the ouster of. . CAS@50: Strengthening Connections and Solidarity CAS@50 1/12 videos “‘ data-height=’450’ data-video_index=’1’> 1 CAS Testimonial 2023“‘ data-height=’450’ data-video_index=’2’> 2 Ugnay: Ang Katibayan ng Pamumuno ni Dekano Felino P. MaUPLB Department of Social Sciences, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. . A familiarity with it will help you plan the courses that you will take for each semester and thus prepare yourself mentally, physically, and spiritually (whether you believe in spirits or not) for your journey ahead as. ATTENTION, BA SOCIOLOGY STUDENTS! ⚠️ Taking the first steps towards your BA Sociology journey can be challenging, but no worries! We are here to equip you with this recommended four-year timeline. CONTACT. Evricson Bengt Jao Magmayo. University of the Philippines Los Baños. The BA Sociology program is one of the 29 undergraduate degree programs offered by UPLB [5]. - BETA CHAPTER (PAFT BETA) ASSOCIATION OF FILIPINO FORESTRY STUDENTS-UPLB (AFFS-UPLB, INC. Academic Organization, clustered under Socio-Civic, established in 1975. Students are expected to complete 140 units of general education and Sociological courses to graduate from the program. . The program streamlined two major tracks (Media Arts, and Speech & Corporate Communication) into an integrated, dynamic, and expansive learning experience that will provide students with flexible career opportunities. Sociology of Politics (3). Bachelor of Science in Statistics. . Principles of Government and Politics (3). edu. 3 hrs (class). Social Organization 3. The UPLB Sociology Society (SocioSoc), a duly recognized academic organization of the university, is an academic organization for Sociology majors in the University and. edu. Clemente, an associate professor at the UP Diliman Department of Psychology, headlined the SAS 1 GE Conversation entitled “How to be human (e): pakikipagkapwa-tao as a standard of goodness”. Join. Community Organization. CHE Policies on the Issuance and Approval of Waiver of Prerequisites. Requirements and mechanics to graduate. Sociology of Politics (3). ph on or before February 01, 2018. Genetics STAT 101. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceUPLB Sociology Society. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. Samonte Hall. Duration: 2 years Course description: The MA Sociology program was designed, first, to underscore, the relevance of sociology as a professional field, with emphasis on the sub-areas of social organization, social psychology and demography, and second, to complement the science-and-technology oriented curricula of the other academic units in UPLB. Call for Graduate Applications for Second Semester 2023-2024. Courses. Samonte Hall. Last updated: March 2017. Samonte Hall. . . CAS is composed of nine units, namely: the. edu. The OCS takes charge of CAS students’ academic records and activities specifically those pertaining to admission, registration, graduation, and other circular matters. Wellness and Basic Injury Management (2) HK 12/13. The PhD in Development Studies (DVST) is a problem-oriented, holistic field of study utilizing inter-, cross-, multi-, and transdisciplinary approaches. Liza. I'm a writer/journalist based in Manila, and currently writing op-eds for the Manila Bulletin. Organization. Public Figure. Y. The Philosophical Society of UPLB, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. “One ceases to be human if one is not humane,” said psychologist Dr. The major courses are composed of 12-13 units of core courses (CED 232, AERS 265, AERS 282, STAT 166 or CED 291); 6 units of. Attention to all BA Sociology alumni of the UPLB Department of Social Sciences be part of the DSS Tracer Study by submitting your curriculum vitae/resume to stjulianda. phAttention to all BA Sociology alumni of the UPLB Department of Social Sciences be part of the DSS Tracer Study by submitting your curriculum vitae/resume to stjulianda. 3 hrs (class). Bachelor of Arts in Sociology. Send your. 6,935 likes · 25 talking about this · 16 were here. 3 hrs (class). The program prepares the students for careers in teaching, research. when a student is pursuing a curriculum that has been superseded by a new one and the substitution tends to bring the old curriculum in line with the new; 2. when the required subject is not offered during the semester when the student needs it. The options are: HUM 3 KAS 4 MATH 10 PHILARTS 1 PHLO 1 PS 21 SAS 1 SCIENCE 10 SCIENCE 11 SOSC 3 WIKA 1. The recommendation forms must be sent directly to the Graduate School via admissions. M. The PHD BCHM program has a total of 38 units, these are 15 units of major courses, 9 units of cognate; 12 units of dissertation units and 2 units of seminar. f:. 3 hrs (class). And to give you a. E. College of Arts and Sciences. 46 years have passed since President Ferdinand Marcos' declaration of Martial Law, yet the UPLB Sociology Society continues to hold his regime accountable. UPLB Sociology Society. • BS Biology. Courses Home BS Human Ecology Curriculum Major in HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PLANNING (effective July 2018) First Year Course Code Course Title Description Units Class Hour Pre-Requisites 1st Semester HIST/KAS 1 Philippine History The political, economic, social and cultural development of the Philippines 3 units 3 hrs (class) None. University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Batong Malake, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines. SN Social Sciences is supported by a team of experienced editors, comprising in-house Editors and an international Editorial Board. edu. VSB provides a comprehensive variety of business and management courses taught by seasoned academics and practitioners. Sociology of the Family 3 HK 11. As a research university, UPLB is home to a number of locally and internationally recognized research centers including the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), and the ASEAN Center for Biodiversity to name a few. The College of Arts and Sciences is the center of education in the basic sciences, humanities, liberal arts, and foundation courses in UPLB. +63 49 536 3604. Upon completion of the training course, each participant received a certificate of completion. However, graduates may opt to take the Civil Service Examination (CSE) conducted by the Philippine Civil Service Commission (PCSC) to qualify in working in government offices. The more prominent. Admission is based on the applicant’s indicated competence. | Find, read and cite all the research you. Its constituent units included Departments of Botany; […]Diploma in Statistics. edu. The options are: HUM 3 KAS 4 MATH 10 PHILARTS 1 PHLO 1 PS 21 SAS 1 SCIENCE 10 SCIENCE 11 SOSC 3 WIKA 1. The major courses are composed of core courses (CED 227, CED 301, CED 365, AERS 281, AERS 282*. Baker Memorial Hall Los Baños campus. Continue to aspire a life with honor and excellence! Padayon Martin Raphael Torres Hazel Iris Gamay. (UPVL) PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS, INC. Students without Sociology background are advised to take a graduate introductory theory course, Sociology 202* (Development of Sociological Thought) prior to enrollment in higher Sociological Theory courses. Duration: 4 years. +63 49 536 3604. SAS 1 classes probe “pakikipagkapwa-tao”. Socio 101. Number of Units: 3 Semester Offered: Second Semester Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor ———- University of the Philippines Los Baños. Jose Antonio R. hello. PR. UPLB SOCIAL SCIENCES 1973 -2013 January - December 2013 . Hence, insights from UPLB’s Sociology program may still be useful for other HEIs currently offering, or planning to offer, a similar program. All the best! SocioSoc loves. The curriculum provides the students with the choice of pursuing the thesis or the non-thesis option. Curriculum. Ngayong 2019 UPLB USC-CSC Elections, buo ang supporta ng UPLB Sociology Society para sa Samahan ng Kabataan para sa Bayan (SAKBAYAN). +63 49 536 3604. +63 49 536 3604. • BS Chemistry. Mostly stuck ako between HUM 3, MATH 10, SAS 1 and SOSC 3 kasi tatlo lang ang dahil iselect. . The analysis of social bases of power and policy formulation. But I also think it's best to communicate with your parents kung papayagan/within your means ba na mag-Baguio ka, since malayo sa inyo. 11,962 likes · 133 talking about this. Graduate 1. manage your time wisely because the courses (esp those with lab components) are laborious (pun not intended). BOT 1 (Introduction to Plant Science) 3 CHEM 15 (Fundamentals of Chemistry) 3. The Graduate School’s requirements for admission in UPLB apply. 3 hrs (class). The elective should enhance the student's technical competence. It offered the Philippines' first communication course in 1960, as a major under the Bachelor of Science in Agriculture. Inquiries on Transfer Applications must be directed to the Office of the University Registrar. CAS is composed of nine units, namely: the Institute of Biological Sciences (IBS), Institute of Chemistry (IC), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics (IMSP), Institute of Statistics (INSTAT), Department of. Back to Curriculum. three (3) 3-unit elective GE courses. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceCHEM 18. (049) 501-5822 [email protected] Mon to Fri; 8am to 5pm; CAS Building, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Los Baños, LagunaUPLB Sociology Society would like to express its highest recognition to the academic achievers of the second semester, A. UPLB Graduate School Guidelines on the 2nd Semester AY 2019-2020The UPLB Graduate School is continuously innovating by instituting new degree programs with significant impact to the society. Bachelor of Science in Community Nutrition. LOOK: Two Sociology-Anthropology- Psychology faculty members will share tips on qualitative research tomorrow, Saturday, May 14, 2022 from 9am-12noon, as part of the UPLB Department of Social. The Bachelor of Forensic Science program utilizes an interdisciplinary approach by combining a strong foundation in the areas of Criminal Justice, Natural and Social Sciences, with extensive laboratory and field experiences that will contribute to the graduates’ future workplaces in the CALABARZON, NCR areas, different parts of the Philippines, and. This activity. Hack4Rice 2019. See you there! UPLB Sociology Society CRITICAL. . UPLB Sociology Society. Master of Science in Statistics. Thanksssx This thread is archived New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast comments. ph. Mazda Santa Rosa - Krissia Cuevas. cpafigrd. +63 49 536 3604. Hi! I am still torn between BA Socio and another degprog. The said curriculum is UPLB’s flagship baccalaureate program for the EnP exam. . ph. READY TO START YOUR BA SOCIOLOGY JOURNEY? Here is a list of all BA Sociology courses that we are required to take during our stay in UPLB. 44 views, 11 likes, 6 loves, 0 comments, 21 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from UPLB Sociology Society: In celebration of our 44th founding anniversary, the UPLB Sociology Society presents its 25th. <br><br>Currently open to work short-term, project-based, consultancy, and, depending on the job offer, long-term. The UPLB Sociology Society expresses our unwavering support for the candidacy of one of our resident members, Gio Olivar as the USC Vice Chairperson, under the SAKBAYAN slate this coming 2022 UPLB. Soc Sci 201 (or its equivalent) is a prerequisite to Methods courses. 3. Philippine League of Sociology Students - UPLB. 3y. Philosoc is an academic organization for philosophy students and enthusiasts. All the best! SocioSoc loves. As a faculty member at UPLB, she is involved in curriculum development and student. The prospective students of the Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Economics are the college graduates and professionals who want to have a career as educators, researchers, administrators, policymaker/analysts, financial analysts, bank managers, extension and development specialists, business entrepreneurs or project consultants in the field of. It will be a four-year experience, complete with meaningful moments and learnings. Lead by example and become role. UPLB Sociology Society proudly presents the newly elected Executive Committee for A. uplb . Quibuyen will be the speaker. The admission requirements are:. The findings also indicate that there is dissatisfaction among the primary stakeholders on the prescribed timetable of the BA Sociology curriculum as well as the existence of the program's three. Continue to become critical, dynamic, and holistic as you lead our dear organization well towards. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for ExcellenceIn 1975, the then AB Sociology program was introduced in UPLB under the Department of Social Sciences. Dr. Students are expected to complete 140 units of general education and Sociological courses to graduate from the program. I am very proud to say that among thousands of aspirants, I was one of the people who passed the UP College Admission Test. Ethics and Moral Reasoning in Everyday Life KAS 1/ HIST 1 (GE). In addition, a number of UPLB alumni who obtained graduate degrees from disciplines identified in RA 10587 have also succeeded in obtaining the EnP license. uplb@up. Inquiries on Transfer Applications must be directed to the Office of the University Registrar. Understanding the self by examining the interaction of biological, psychological and socio-cultural dimensions and appreciating human agency and the emergence of the self in different social contexts. Introduction to POSC 10. A nonrefundable application fee of Php 500. VARRONS LTD. Curriculum. Samonte Hall. Bounded by Allegiance | Pride through Tradition | Known for Excellence622 views, 5 likes, 25 loves, 0 comments, 31 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from UPLB Sociology Society: The UPLB Sociology Society is a duly recognized academic organization for Sociology students at. University of the Philippines Los Baños. +63 49 536 3604. Special UPLB UC Meeting 05 / 21-22 / 18; President's Approval 08/28/19 Units Second Semester. pdf), Text File (. Theoretical concerns of the fields of sociology. . uplb@up. Diestro lecture series later at 1 PM. uplb@up. E. The PhD CD program requires a minimum of 45-48 units, these are 23 units of major courses, 9 or 12 units of cognate courses, 1 unit of graduate seminar and 12 units of dissertation. The graduates of the College have. GENERAL EDUCATION COURSES. Jose Rizal. Samonte Hall. FLOWCHART OF THE FOUR-YEAR BSCE CURRICULUM FIRST YEAR SECOND YEAR THIRD YEAR FOURTH YEAR 1ST SEM 2ND SEM 1ST SEM 2ND SEM 1ST SEM 2ND SEM MIDYEAR 1ST SEM 2ND SEM (COI) (COI) (COI) ENG 10 (Jr. FREE ELECTIVE COURSES. The MCA program is a non-thesis program, it consists of 37 units, these are 24 units of major courses, 12 units of minor and 1 unit of seminar. Course Description. The Bachelor of Arts in Sociology program produces graduates who will contribute to the production, interpretation, transmission, and application of knowledge generated from social research that is informed by economic. Philosoc is an academic organization for philosophy students and enthusiasts. Students are expected to complete 140 units of general education and Sociological courses to graduate from the program. these Sociology programs will still be predominantly similar. . uplb@up. uplb@up. . Public Figure. Students in this program may take the general curriculum or the major in Sugar Technology or Pulp and Paper Technology options which require 39 units of Revitalized General Education courses, and 3 units of a legislated course. 11,969 likes · 923 talking about this · 52 were here. With applied social sciences as the loci of disciplines, combined with various technical fields, DVST tackles development issues such as food security, natural resource management, population. 2/F Abelardo G. UPLB Sociology Society · September 25, 2020 · September 25, 2020 ·ATTENTION SOCIOLOGY STUDENTS, THIS IS NOT A DRILL! Do you have questions about your BA Sociology course that keep on boggling your mind? Here in the UPLB Sociology Society, we have provided the. “WHAT’S UP UPLB!” This coming February 13, 2021, the UPLB Open Tambayan together with our organization, the UPLB Sociology Society, would like to invite everyone to the first VIRTUAL FEB FAIR. The curriculum consists of 28 units of core courses (IT 210, IT 226, IT 227, IT 238, IT 280, IT 299, IT 295, CMSC 215, CMSC 272); and 9 units of elective courses (CMSC 214, CMSC 220, CMSC 224, CMSC 225, CMSC 227, CMSC 228, CMSC 229, CMSC 231, CMSC 250, CMSC 271, CMSC 280, CMSC 291) for a total of 37 academic.